Cavities develop when acids produced by bacteria repeatedly weaken tooth enamel. Frequent sugar exposure, dry mouth, deep grooves, and inconsistent brushing or flossing can increase risk.

When to contact a dentist

Contact a licensed dentist when you notice pain, swelling, bleeding gums, sensitivity, a broken tooth, a loose restoration, or any persistent change in your mouth. Seek urgent professional care for severe swelling, facial trauma, uncontrolled bleeding, or difficulty breathing or swallowing.

This article is not a diagnosis or a substitute for professional care.